Abstract

Background: Glycemic control remains a major challenge in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and is influenced by multiple clinical, psychological, and behavioral factors. Objective: To identify factors associated with glycemic control as measured by HbA1c in patients with T2DM. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 134 patients with T2DM at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2026. Data were collected from medical records and face-to-face interviews using standardized instruments, including the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24), Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17), and Vietnamese Diabetes Self-Management Instrument (V-DSMI). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, group comparisons, Pearson correlation, and multivariable linear regression. Results: The mean age was 56.24 ± 10.12 years, and the mean HbA1c was 7.86 ± 1.21%. The proportion of patients achieving individualized glycemic targets was 36.57%. HbA1c was positively correlated with BMI, duration of diabetes, and DDS-17 score, and negatively correlated with DKQ-24 and V-DSMI scores. In multivariable regression analysis, BMI, duration of diabetes, treatment modality, educational level, DKQ-