Abstract
Background: The mental foramen (MF) is the opening through which the mental nerve exits the mandible. Knowledge of its location and dimension helps plan appropriate treatment, avoiding complications during surgical procedures in the premolar area of the mandible. The objective of the study is to determine the location and dimension of the MF in horizontal and vertical directions.
Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 51 cone-beam computed tomography images. The location and dimension of the MF was determined in horizontal and vertical directions.
Results: In the horizontal direction, 45.1% of MF were located apically between the two premolars, 43.1% of MF were positioned below the second premolar, and 11.8% of MF were located between the second premolar and first molar. In the vertical direction, the proportion of MF located below the root apices, right at the root apices and above the root apices are 83.3%, 15.7% and 1%, respectively. The mean diameter of the MF showed a length of 3.39 ± 0.80 mm and a height of 3.67 ± 0.78 mm.
Conclusions: The MF is usually circular in shape. The most common location of the MF is between the two premolars and below the root apices.
| Published | 2025-04-24 | |
| Fulltext |
|
|
| Language |
|
|
| Issue | Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| DOI | 10.34071/jmp.2025.1.15 | |
| Keywords | lỗ cằm, Cone-beam CT, xương hàm dưới, răng cối nhỏ mental foramen, Cone-beam Computed Tomography, mandible, premolar |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hue Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy
Thái Thanh Mỹ. Đặc điểm hình thái lỗ cằm trên 53 xương hàm dưới. Tạp chí Y học Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. 2006; tập 10 (1), tr. 129 - 134.
Cao Thị Thanh Nhã, Lê Đức Lánh, Phan Ái Hùng. Đặc điểm ống răng dưới vùng răng sau trên hình ảnh MSCT. Tạp chí Y học Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. 2013; tập 17 (2), tr. 193 - 201.
Haghanifar S, Rokouei M. Radiographic evaluation of the mental foramen in a selected Iranian population. Indian J Dent Res. 2009 Apr-Jun;20(2):150-2.
von Arx T, Friedli M, Sendi P, Lozanoff S, Bornstein MM. Location and dimensions of the mental foramen: a radiographic analysis by using cone-beam computed tomography. J Endod. 2013 Dec;39(12):1522-8.
Carruth P, He J, Benson BW, Schneiderman ED. Analysis of the Size and Position of the Mental Foramen Using the CS 9000 Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Unit. J Endod. 2015 Jul;41(7):1032-6.
Juodzbalys G, Wang HL, Sabalys G. Anatomy of Mandibular Vital Structures. Part II: Mandibular Incisive Canal, Mental Foramen and Associated Neurovascular Bundles in Relation with Dental Implantology. J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2010 Apr 1;1(1):e3.
Chen Z, Chen D, Tang L, Wang F. Relationship between the position of the mental foramen and the anterior loop of the inferior alveolar nerve as determined by cone beam computed tomography combined with mimics. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2015 Jan-Feb;39(1):86-93.
Kim IS, Kim SG, Kim YK, Kim JD. Position of the mental foramen in a Korean population: a clinical and radiographic study. Implant Dent. 2006 Dec;15(4):404-11.
Li X, Jin ZK, Zhao H, Yang K, Duan JM, Wang WJ. The prevalence, length and position of the anterior loop of the inferior alveolar nerve in Chinese, assessed by spiral computed tomography. Surg Radiol Anat. 2013 Nov;35(9):823-30.
Ngeow WC, Yuzawati Y. The location of the mental foramen in a selected Malay population. J Oral Sci. 2003 Sep;45(3):171-5.
Nguyễn Phước Lợi, Phạm Thị Hương Loan. Khảo sát đặc điểm lỗ cằm trên hình ảnh CBCT ở xương hàm dưới người Việt. Tạp chí Y học Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. 2016; tập 26 (2), tr. 32 - 39.
Parnami P, Gupta D, Arora V, Bhalla S, Kumar A, Malik R. Assessment of the Horizontal and Vertical Position of Mental Foramen in Indian Population in Terms of Age and Sex in Dentate Subjects by Pano-ramic Radiographs: A Retrospective Study with Review of Literature. Open Dent J. 2015 Jul 31;9:297-302.
Sheikhi M, Karbasi Kheir M, Hekmatian E. Cone- Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Mental Foramen Variations: A Preliminary Study. Radiol Res Pract. 2015;2015:124635.
Kalender A, Orhan K, Aksoy U. Evaluation of the mental foramen and accessory mental foramen in Turkish patients using cone-beam computed tomography images reconstructed from a volumetric rendering program. Clin Anat. 2012 Jul;25(5):584-92.
Chkoura A, El Wady W. Position of the mental foramen in a Moroccan population: A radiographic study. Imaging Sci Dent. 2013 Jun;43(2):71-5.
Tebo HG, Telford IR. An analysis of the variations in position of the mental foramen. Anat Rec. 1950 May;107(1):61-6.
Fishel D, Buchner A, Hershkowith A, Kaffe I. Roentgenologic study of the mental foramen. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1976 May;41(5):682-6.
Santini A, Alayan I. A comparative anthropometric study of the position of the mental foramen in three populations. Br Dent J. 2012 Feb 17;212(4):E7.
Phạm Thị Hương Loan. Khảo sát đặc điểm giải phẫu mạch máu thần kinh xương hàm dưới ở người Việt. Luận án Tiến sĩ Đại học Y Dược Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. 2019.