Abstract

Introduction: Maxillofacial fractures in general, specifically maxillary fracture are increasing due to traffic accidents. Due to the increasingly diverse forms of facial bone injuries, pure maxillary fractures are now rarely encountered, and there are often combined fractures of the maxilla with facial skull bones. Computed tomography shows a major advance in maxillofacial imaging to be superior in fully detecting fracture lines, displacement directions of the bones, and soft tissue injuries of the upper facial layer and within orbit.

Objectives: 1. To describe the computed tomography imaging characteristics of maxillary fractures. 2. To investigate the associated traumatic injuries with maxillary fractures.

Methods: A cross-sectional  descriptive  study  of  123  patients  diagnosed with maxillary fractures at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital and Hue Central Hospital from 4/2023 to 8/2024.

Results: Research subjects have the average age from 35.54 ± 15.60, mainly  men (75%). Fractures in the head region are associated in 94.3% of patients with maxillary fractures, among which fractures of the sinus walls are the most common at 85.4%; nearly half of the patients have associated brain injuries (43.9%), with intracerebral hemorrhage (22.8%); injuries to the eye, chest, abdomen, and limb bone fractures are less common.

Conclusion: The most common type of partial maxillary fracture is the fracture of the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus, while the most common type of complete maxillary fracture is the Le Fort II fracture (72.7%). Isolated maxillary fractures are rarely encountered and are often associated with injuries to other organs. CT scanning of the facial bones is essential for patients with maxillary fractures, especially for those with planned surgical interventions.