Abstract
Background: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness, characterized by progressive optic nerve damage. In addition to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), reduced optic nerve head perfusion plays an important pathogenic role. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a modern, non-invasive imaging technique that enables precise quantification of microcirculation at the optic nerve head.
Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and to evaluate optic nerve head microvascular changes and their related factors using OCT-A.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 53 eyes from 31 patients diagnosed with POAG at the Ophthalmology Clinic, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, from April 2024 to May 2025.
Results: The mean age was 65,2 ± 15,8 years, with males accounting for 61.3%. Hypertension was present in 48,4% of patients. The group with IOP ≤ 21 mmHg accounted for 83%. The mean ocular perfusion pressure was 47,1 ± 8,4 mmHg. The mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) in the early stage were -4,69 ± 1,14 dB and 3,09 ± 0,44 dB, respectively; in the moderate stage -9,81 ± 1,72 dB and 4,72 ± 1,27 dB; and in the advanced stage -15,97 ± 2,66 dB and 5,33 ± 1,47 dB. The mean RNFL thickness was 69,4 ± 15,73 µm, and the mean GCC thickness was 73,4 ± 12,8 µm. The mean vessel density (VD) was 8,88 ± 2,80 mm⁻¹, and the mean perfusion density (PD) was 40,85 ± 10,44%. Peripapillary vascular parameters were significantly correlated with several OCT indices and disease severity.
Conclusions: The study demonstrates that vessel density and perfusion density measured by OCT-A in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma are reliable indicators for diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma progression.
Keywords: glaucoma, OCT-A
| Published | 2026-09-28 | |
| Fulltext |
|
|
| Language |
|
|
| Issue | Vol. 16 No. 5 (2026) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| DOI | 10.34071/jmp.2026.5.797 | |
| Keywords | glaucoma, optical coherence tomography angiography glôcôm, OCT-A |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hue Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy
World Glaucoma Association. World Glaucoma Week 2025: Painting the world green – Awareness and early detection can save your sight from glaucoma. 2025.
Yospon T, Rojananuangnit K. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) differences in vessel perfusion density and flux index of the optic nerve and peripapillary area in healthy, glaucoma suspect and glaucomatous eyes. Clin Ophthalmol. 2023:3011-3021.
Trần Thủy Trinh. Khảo sát về mật độ mạch máu quanh gai thị trên bệnh nhân glôcôm góc mở nguyên phát [luận văn thạc sĩ]. Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh: Trường Đại học Y Dược Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh; 2020.
Perez CI, Chansangpetch S, Thai A, Nguyen A-H, Nguyen A, Mora M, et al. Normative database and color-code agreement of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in a Vietnamese population. J Glaucoma. 2018;27(8):665-673.
Gupta P, Minj A, Das S, Panigrahi PK. To compare and correlate visual field changes detected by perimetry with retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer thickness observed using spectral domain optical coherence tomography in primary open-angle glaucoma. TNOA J Ophthalmic Sci Res. 2021;59(4):344-349.
Robbins CB, Grewal DS, Thompson AC, Yoon SP, Plassman BL, Fekrat S. Repeatability of peripapillary optical coherence tomography angiography parameters in older adults. J VitreoRetinal Dis. 2021;5(3):239-246.
Khayrallah O, Mahjoub A, Mahjoub A, Ghorbel M, Mahjoub H, Knani L, et al. Optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density parameters in primary open-angle glaucoma. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021;69:102671.
Belbase U, Maharjan IM, Subedi A. Optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density in healthy, glaucoma suspect, and glaucoma eyes. J Curr Ophthalmol. 2024;36(1):31-36.
Yilmaz H, Karakurt Y, Icel E, Ugurlu A, Ucak T, Tasli NG, et al. Normative data assessment of vessel density and foveal avascular zone metrics using AngioScan software. Curr Eye Res. 2019;44(12):1345-1352.
Phạm Thanh Huyền. Đánh giá sự biến đổi mạch máu đầu thị thần kinh trên bệnh nhân glôcôm góc mở nguyên phát bằng OCT-A [luận văn bác sĩ nội trú]. Hà Nội: Trường Đại học Y Hà Nội; 2022.
Kumar RS, Anegondi N, Chandapura RS, Sudhakaran S, Kadambi SV, Rao HL, et al. Discriminant function of optical coherence tomography angiography to determine disease severity in glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57(14):6079-6088.