Abstract
Background: Severe hypoalbuminemia in dengue fever (DF) is a critical prognostic indicator. This reduced albumin concentration not only reflects the leakage process but also exacerbates the shift of fluid out of the intravascular space, intensifying hemoconcentration and leading to hypovolemic shock and other life-threatening complications.
Objectives: 1. To survey selected clinical and paraclinical characteristics and determine serum albumin concentration in adult DF patients, 2. To evaluate the prognostic value of serum albumin concentration for severe disease in adult DF patients.
Subjects and methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 153 patients aged ≥16 years diagnosed with DF and admitted to the Department of Tropical Diseases, Hue Central Hospital, from March 2024 to August 2025.
Results: Clinical manifestations: clinical findings associated with disease severity included: ascites/pleural effusion (48.42%), abdominal pain (35.48%), vomiting (20.16%), and mucosal bleeding (41.13%). Serum albumin: a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) in mean serum albumin concentration on disease days 4–5 was observed across different severity levels of DF. Using a cut-off point of 32 g/L for serum albumin concentration on disease days 4–5, the marker showed high discriminatory value for severe DF (AUC = 0.852), CI 95% 0.738 – 0.966), achieving a sensitivity of 74.1% and a specificity of 83.3%. Serum albumin concentration on days 4–5 was significantly associated with shock, severe hemorrhage, and organ failure (p < 0.05). Serum albumin concentration on days 4–5 showed a positive correlation with platelet count (p < 0.05) and a negative correlation with AST, ALT, and hematocrit (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The mean serum albumin concentration on disease days 4–5 progressively decreased with increasing severity of DF. Serum albumin concentration on days 4–5 is significantly associated with shock, severe hemorrhage, and organ failure. Furthermore, it exhibits a positive correlation with platelet count and a negative correlation with AST, ALT, and hematocrite.
| Published | 2026-09-28 | |
| Fulltext |
|
|
| Language |
|
|
| Issue | Vol. 16 No. 5 (2026) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| DOI | 10.34071/jmp.2026.5.866 | |
| Keywords |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hue Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy
Bộ Y tế. Hướng dẫn chẩn đoán, điều trị sốt xuất huyết dengue. Quyết định số 2760/QĐ-BYT. Hà Nội: Bộ Y tế; 2023.
Shabil M, Bushi G, Apostolopoulos V, Alrahbeni T, Al-Mugheed K, Khatib MN, et al. Hypoalbuminemia as a predictor of severe dengue: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2025;23(1):105–118.
Rodrigo C. Plasma leakage in dengue: a systematic review of prospective observational studies. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21:1–11.
Wang C, Yang H, Xu J, Wang J, Zhao L, Hong W, et al. Association between serum albumin levels and disease severity in adult patients with dengue: a 7-year retrospective cohort study in mainland China. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2023;16(5):204–212.
Đặng Thị Thúy, Bùi Vũ Huy, Ngô Trí Tuấn. Các yếu tố tiên lượng bệnh sốt xuất huyết dengue dựa vào các biomarkers. Tạp chí Truyền Nhiễm Việt Nam. 2020;2(30):73–79.
Temprasertrudee S, Thanachartwet V, Desakorn V, Keatkla J, Chantratita W, Kiertiburanakul S, et al. A multicenter study of clinical presentations and predictive factors for severe manifestation of dengue in adults. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2018;71(3):239–243.
Pulock OS, Mannan A, Chowdhury A, Tousif G, Majumder K, Monsur S, et al. Clinical spectrum and risk factors of severe dengue infection: findings from the 2023 dengue outbreak in Bangladesh. BMC Infect Dis. 2025;25(1):469.
Đỗ Tuấn Anh, Lê Văn Nam. Nghiên cứu một số yếu tố tiên lượng nặng ở bệnh nhân sốt xuất huyết dengue điều trị tại khoa truyền nhiễm Bệnh viện 103 (2011–2012). Tạp chí Y học Thực hành. 2014;4(914):29–32.
Jagadishkumar K, Jain P, Manjunath VG, Umesh L. Hepatic involvement in dengue fever in children. Iran J Pediatr. 2012;22(2):231.
Srisuphanunt M, Puttaruk P, Kooltheat N, Katzenmeier G, Wilairatana P. Prognostic indicators for the early prediction of severe dengue infection: a retrospective study in a university hospital in Thailand. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2022;7(8):162.
Gupta SK, Sharma AK, Mandal AK, Kumar A. Use of albumin levels as warning sign in patients with dengue with warning signs (retrospective observational study). Indian J Crit Care Med. 2024;28(Suppl 1):S36.
Nguyễn Văn Hảo. Mối liên quan giữa biến đổi albumin máu với độ nặng của giảm tiểu cầu và rối loạn đông máu trong bệnh nhiễm dengue người lớn. Tạp chí Y Học TP Hồ Chí Minh. 2018;22(2):106–112.